When applying for jobs or academic opportunities, the terms “résumé” and “CV” are often used – but their meanings can vary significantly depending on the country and context. In the U.S., these two documents serve different purposes, while in other parts of the world, the terms may be used interchangeably.
In countries like the UK, New Zealand, and much of Europe, the term “CV” is used to describe what Americans might consider both résumé and CV-style documents. In South Africa, Australia, and India, the distinction is often blurred, and the terms are frequently interchangeable.
Understanding these differences is key to creating a tailored and effective application.
Key Characteristics: Résumé vs. CV
Résumé
- Length: 1 page
- Purpose: Provides a concise overview of key experiences and education.
CV (Curriculum Vitae)
- Length: 2–3 pages
- Purpose: Highlights academic and professional experiences in greater detail.
- Additional Sections: Includes areas like awards, publications, and professional memberships.
- Usage: Commonly required in academia, education, science, medicine, and research.
When to Use a Résumé or CV
In most professional fields, a résumé is the preferred document unless a CV is specifically requested. However, in academia or research-focused roles, a CV is often the standard.
Tip: Unless an employer specifically asks for a CV or it’s standard in your field, consider using a résumé to streamline your application.
Recommended Sections for Each Document
Common Sections for a Résumé:
- Contact information
- Education
- Previous employment
- Relevant skills, languages, or certifications
- Accomplishments
Common Sections for a CV:
- Contact information
- Education (usually listed first)
- Previous employment
- Relevant skills (including languages and proficiency)
- Certifications
- Awards & honors
- Professional associations
- Scholarships and grants
- Publications
Regional Variations in Terminology
- United States: Clear distinction between résumé and CV.
- UK, New Zealand, Europe: The term “CV” is used universally.
- South Africa, Australia, India: Terms “CV” and “résumé” are often interchangeable.
